The difference between forged steel balls and cast steel balls
Views: 4077 Update Date:Jul 06 , 2021
In the field of wear-resistant steel balls, there are two major types of steel balls running in ball mills or semi-automatic mills. One is forged steel balls and the other is cast steel balls. Both are grinding steel balls and are suitable for mines and construction. In different fields such as metallurgy, metallurgy, chemical industry, and cement, the two types of steel balls have commonalities and differences. Then, what are the differences between these two types of steel balls:
1. The difference in material itself: the material of the forged-rolled steel ball is high-quality round steel or high-quality composite steel, and its C content is less than 1.4, so it is called steel ball after forging and rolling; while the basic material of cast ball is scrap steel, which is smelted. Adding alloy iron (Cr-Fe, Mn-Fe) to adjust the composition to achieve a C content of 2.2---3.5, which is actually the composition of iron. Therefore, to be precise, cast steel balls should be called iron balls;
2. Understand the names of the two steel balls, and their physical properties are fundamentally different. Forged-rolled steel balls are made by rolling and deforming a billet several times and then forging (rolling) through a high-temperature variable die, with high density. The density of steel is 7.85Kg/m3, so the physical properties of the steel ball after core-pulling 10*10mm impact toughness is greater than 12j/m; the cast ball is made by smelting, and its density is lower than that of steel, generally around 7.65Kg/m3. After the performance steel ball is core-pulled, the impact toughness of 10*10mm is only 2-6j/m;
4. The hardness distribution is different: For example, 100mm*B2 material steel ball, forged steel ball surface hardness HRC60, core hardness HRC50, the five-point hardness distribution from the core to the surface is a ladder distribution; while the cast steel ball is also 100mm, the surface hardness HRC60 core hardness is HRC57, and the five-point hardness distribution difference from core to surface is between HRC2-3;
5. Different fields of application: the forged steel ball is made of high-quality alloy steel. The mechanical properties of the alloy elements make it have natural corrosion resistance. In addition, the advanced heat treatment process makes the grinding ball more resistant to corrosion. Under normal conditions, the mill is dry. Both grinding (temperature not greater than 100 degrees) and wet grinding are applicable; cast balls are more suitable for dry grinding. For example, cast steel balls must be used in the cement industry. When used in wet grinding, iron and water are easily brokent by temperature. This is what is usually said that cast balls can be called "heat-resistant" balls, suitable for dry grinding. For example, cement plants can only use cast balls, and forged balls can be called "corrosion-resistant" balls, suitable for wet grinding, beneficiation, etc. Forging balls are more suitable, especially semi-automatic grinders or balls over 100mm.
6. Different heat treatment methods: water quenching (or quenching liquid) is used for forged steel balls, and oil quenching (or wind quenching) is used for casting steel balls.
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1. The difference in material itself: the material of the forged-rolled steel ball is high-quality round steel or high-quality composite steel, and its C content is less than 1.4, so it is called steel ball after forging and rolling; while the basic material of cast ball is scrap steel, which is smelted. Adding alloy iron (Cr-Fe, Mn-Fe) to adjust the composition to achieve a C content of 2.2---3.5, which is actually the composition of iron. Therefore, to be precise, cast steel balls should be called iron balls;
2. Understand the names of the two steel balls, and their physical properties are fundamentally different. Forged-rolled steel balls are made by rolling and deforming a billet several times and then forging (rolling) through a high-temperature variable die, with high density. The density of steel is 7.85Kg/m3, so the physical properties of the steel ball after core-pulling 10*10mm impact toughness is greater than 12j/m; the cast ball is made by smelting, and its density is lower than that of steel, generally around 7.65Kg/m3. After the performance steel ball is core-pulled, the impact toughness of 10*10mm is only 2-6j/m;
4. The hardness distribution is different: For example, 100mm*B2 material steel ball, forged steel ball surface hardness HRC60, core hardness HRC50, the five-point hardness distribution from the core to the surface is a ladder distribution; while the cast steel ball is also 100mm, the surface hardness HRC60 core hardness is HRC57, and the five-point hardness distribution difference from core to surface is between HRC2-3;
5. Different fields of application: the forged steel ball is made of high-quality alloy steel. The mechanical properties of the alloy elements make it have natural corrosion resistance. In addition, the advanced heat treatment process makes the grinding ball more resistant to corrosion. Under normal conditions, the mill is dry. Both grinding (temperature not greater than 100 degrees) and wet grinding are applicable; cast balls are more suitable for dry grinding. For example, cast steel balls must be used in the cement industry. When used in wet grinding, iron and water are easily brokent by temperature. This is what is usually said that cast balls can be called "heat-resistant" balls, suitable for dry grinding. For example, cement plants can only use cast balls, and forged balls can be called "corrosion-resistant" balls, suitable for wet grinding, beneficiation, etc. Forging balls are more suitable, especially semi-automatic grinders or balls over 100mm.
6. Different heat treatment methods: water quenching (or quenching liquid) is used for forged steel balls, and oil quenching (or wind quenching) is used for casting steel balls.
